Wang Jingwei (Chinese: 汪精衛；1883-1956) was the first leader of the Republic of China, a collaborationist Japanese regime in Nanjing. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang, leading a government in Wuhan in opposition to the right-wing government in Nanjing, but later became increasingly anti-communist after his efforts to collaborate with the Chinese Communist Party ended in political failure. His political orientation veered sharply to the right later in his career after he collaborated with the Japanese.
After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, after which he accepted an invitation from the Japanese Empire to form a Japanese-supported collaborationist government in Nanking. Wang served as the head of state for this Japanese puppet government until his death.